ALABAMA
- Filing Cost: $208
- Website: https://www.sos.alabama.gov/business-entities
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Name reservation must be completed before filing
- Certificate of Formation must be filed with the Probate Judge in the county of registration
ALASKA
ARIZONA
- Filing Cost: $50
- Website: https://ecorp.azcc.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required (referred to as Statutory Agent)
- Operating Agreement recommended
- May require publication of LLC formation in a local newspaper
ARKANSAS
CALIFORNIA
COLORADO
CONNECTICUT
- Filing Cost: $120
- Website: https://business.ct.gov
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Annual Report required
- Operating Agreement highly recommended
- Online filing through the Connecticut Business One Stop Portal
DELAWARE
- Filing Cost: $90
- Website: https://corp.delaware.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent with a physical address in Delaware required
- No annual report for LLCs, but $300 franchise tax is due annually
- Operating Agreement recommended
- Delaware is a popular state for LLC formation due to strong business privacy protections
FLORIDA
- Filing Cost: $125
- Website: https://dos.myflorida.com/sunbiz/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Annual Report due each year to maintain status
- Operating Agreement recommended
- Filing can be done entirely online through Sunbiz
GEORGIA
- Filing Cost: $100 online / $110 paper
- Website: https://ecorp.sos.ga.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Annual Registration required to remain active
- Operating Agreement recommended but not required
- Business name must be distinguishable from others on file
HAWAII
- Filing Cost: $50
- Website: https://hbe.ehawaii.gov/documents/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required with a Hawaii address
- Articles of Organization filed with DCCA Business Registration Division
- Annual Report required
- Operating Agreement recommended
IDAHO
- Filing Cost: $100
- Website: https://sosbiz.idaho.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Certificate of Organization filed with the Secretary of State
- Annual Report required (no fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
ILLINOIS
- Filing Cost: $150
- Website: https://www.ilsos.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization must be filed with the Secretary of State
- Annual Report due each year ($75 fee)
- Operating Agreement strongly recommended
INDIANA
- Filing Cost: $95 online / $100 paper
- Website: https://inbiz.in.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization must be filed
- Biennial Business Entity Report required
- Operating Agreement recommended
IOWA
- Filing Cost: $50
- Website: https://sos.iowa.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Certificate of Organization required (filed online or by mail)
- Biennial Report required
- Operating Agreement recommended
KANSAS
- Filing Cost: $160 online / $165 paper
- Website: https://www.kansas.gov/businesscenter/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization must be filed
- Annual Report due each year ($55 online / $50 paper)
- Operating Agreement recommended
KENTUCKY
- Filing Cost: $40
- Website: https://onestop.ky.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization must be filed with the Secretary of State
- Annual Report required
- Operating Agreement recommended
LOUISIANA
- Filing Cost: $100
- Website: https://geauxbiz.sos.la.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed through the GeauxBiz portal
- Initial Report must be submitted with Articles of Organization
- Annual Report required
- Operating Agreement recommended
MAINE
- Filing Cost: $175
- Website: https://www10.informe.org/aro/lld/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Certificate of Formation filed with the Secretary of State
- Annual Report due June 1st each year ($85)
- Operating Agreement recommended
MARYLAND
- Filing Cost: $100
- Website: https://egov.maryland.gov/BusinessExpress
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed through the Maryland Business Express portal
- Annual Report and Personal Property Return due each year
- Operating Agreement recommended
MASSACHUSETTS
MICHIGAN
- Filing Cost: $50
- Website: https://www.michigan.gov/lara/bureau-list/cscl
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed with the Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs (LARA)
- Annual Statement required ($25 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
MINNESOTA
MISSISSIPPI
MISSOURI
MONTANA
- Filing Cost: $35
- Website: https://biz.sosmt.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed with the Montana Secretary of State
- Annual Report required ($20 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
- Filing Cost: $75 + $150 Initial List + $200 Business License = $425 total
- Website: https://www.nvsilverflume.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed through SilverFlume portal
- Initial List and Business License required at formation
- Annual fees required for renewal
- Operating Agreement strongly recommended
NEW HAMPSHIRE
- Filing Cost: $100
- Website: https://quickstart.sos.nh.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Certificate of Formation filed online through QuickStart
- Annual Report due April 1st each year ($100 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
NEW JERSEY
- Filing Cost: $125
- Website: https://www.nj.gov/njbusiness/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Public Records Filing submitted online
- Annual Report due each year ($75 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
- Must register for NJ tax ID if hiring employees or selling goods
NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
- Filing Cost: $200
- Website: https://www.dos.ny.gov/corps/llccorp.html
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed with the Department of State
- Publication Requirement: Must publish LLC formation in two newspapers for 6 weeks
- Biennial Statement required ($9)
- Operating Agreement is legally required in NY (not filed, but must be maintained)
NORTH CAROLINA
- Filing Cost: $125
- Website: https://www.sosnc.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed with the Secretary of State
- Annual Report due each year ($200 fee if filed online)
- Operating Agreement recommended
NORTH DAKOTA
- Filing Cost: $135
- Website: https://firststop.sos.nd.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed online
- Annual Report required ($50 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
OHIO
- Filing Cost: $99
- Website: https://bsportal.ohiosos.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed with the Ohio Secretary of State
- No annual report or renewal fee required
- Operating Agreement recommended
OKLAHOMA
- Filing Cost: $100
- Website: https://www.sos.ok.gov/corp/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed with the Secretary of State
- Annual Certificate required to maintain active status ($25)
- Operating Agreement recommended
OREGON
- Filing Cost: $100
- Website: https://sos.oregon.gov/business
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed online
- Annual Report required ($100 renewal fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
PENNSYLVANIA
- Filing Cost: $125
- Website: https://www.dos.pa.gov/BusinessCharities/Business/
- Requirements:
- Registered Office or Commercial Registered Agent required
- Certificate of Organization filed with Department of State
- Docketing Statement required with formation
- Decennial Report required once every 10 years
- Operating Agreement recommended
RHODE ISLAND
SOUTH CAROLINA
- Filing Cost: $110
- Website: https://businessfilings.sc.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed with Secretary of State
- No annual report or renewal fee for LLCs
- Operating Agreement recommended
SOUTH DAKOTA
- Filing Cost: $150
- Website: https://sdsos.gov/business-services/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed online
- Annual Report required ($50 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
TENNESSEE
- Filing Cost: $300 minimum (based on number of members: $50 per member, min $300)
- Website: https://tnbear.tn.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed with Secretary of State
- Annual Report and franchise tax required
- Operating Agreement recommended
TEXAS
- Filing Cost: $300
- Website: https://www.sos.state.tx.us/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Certificate of Formation filed with Secretary of State
- Franchise Tax Report required annually
- Operating Agreement recommended
UTAH
- Filing Cost: $54
- Website: https://corporations.utah.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Certificate of Organization filed
- Annual Renewal required ($20 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
VERMONT
- Filing Cost: $125
- Website: https://sos.vermont.gov/corporations/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed with the Secretary of State
- Annual Report required ($35 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
VIRGINIA
- Filing Cost: $100
- Website: https://cis.scc.virginia.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed online
- Annual Registration Fee required ($50)
- Operating Agreement recommended
WASHINGTON
- Filing Cost: $200
- Website: https://www.sos.wa.gov/corps/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Certificate of Formation filed with Secretary of State
- Annual Report required ($60 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
WEST VIRGINIA
- Filing Cost: $100
- Website: https://onestop.wv.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed through One Stop portal
- Annual Report required ($25 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
WISCONSIN
- Filing Cost: $130 online / $170 paper
- Website: https://www.wdfi.org/corporations/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed with Department of Financial Institutions
- Annual Report required ($25 fee)
- Operating Agreement recommended
WYOMING
- Filing Cost: $100
- Website: https://wyobiz.wyo.gov/
- Requirements:
- Registered Agent required
- Articles of Organization filed online
- Annual Report required ($60 minimum based on assets)
- Operating Agreement recommended
Some FAQs:
Can the LLC Owner Be the Registered Agent?
Yes — in most states, the LLC owner can serve as their own registered agent, as long as:
- They are at least 18 years old
- They have a physical street address in the state where the LLC is registered (no P.O. boxes allowed)
- They are available during normal business hours (9am–5pm) to receive legal mail (a.k.a. “service of process”)
Exceptions & Gotchas:
There are no states that explicitly prohibit the LLC owner from being their own agent, but here are a few situations where it might cause issues:
1. You’re forming an LLC in a state you don’t live in
- Example: You live in Michigan, but you want to form an LLC in Delaware — you can’t be your own agent unless you have a physical address and are available in Delaware.
2. Privacy Concerns
- If you list yourself as the registered agent, your personal address becomes public record on the state’s business directory.
- If you want to keep your address private, it’s best to use a commercial registered agent.
3. Availability Issues
- If you travel a lot, work a day job, or can’t guarantee being available Monday–Friday during business hours, you might miss an important legal document — which can cause fines or legal trouble.
States Where It’s Highly Recommended to Use a Registered Agent Service:
(Not required — just strongly recommended for legal, privacy, or logistics reasons)
- California – due to high volume of filings, privacy concerns, and $800 tax notices
- New York – publication requirement means your address will be listed in newspapers
- Delaware – most people don’t live there but form businesses there
- Nevada & Wyoming – heavy use of anonymous LLCs, so privacy is a factor
Bottom Line:
You can be your own registered agent in every state, as long as:
- You live in that state
- You have a physical street address
- You’re available during standard business hours
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